KVM虚拟化主机安装
- 最小化安装CentOS6.X或者CentOS7.X，RHEL6.X以上系列建议建议选择安装最小虚拟化主机
- 如果要安装桌面可以先选择最小化虚拟主机，再选择Gnome桌面包
安装过程
- 检查CPU是否支持虚拟技术
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | egrep 'vmx|svm'
- 安装kvm相关
# yum -y groupinstall "Virtualization" "Virtualization Client" "Virtualization Platform" "Virtualization Tools"
- 安装网桥工具
# yum install bridge-utils -y# ifconfig virbr0确认有以下内容输出virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:A0:83:9A inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
- 配置桥接网络
# mkdir -p /backup //创建备份目录# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts# cp -r ifcfg-eth0 /backup/ //对默认的配置文件进行备份# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0修改为以下格式内容...DEVICE=eth0TYPE=EthernetONBOOT=yesNM_CONTROLLED=noBRIDGE=br0...# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 //添加桥接网络配置文件...DEVICE=br0TYPE=BridgeONBOOT=yesNM_CONTROLLED=noBOOTPROTO=Static //如果想使用DHCP方式，把这里换成dhcp，下面的都删掉就行了IPADDR=192.168.1.80NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.1.1DNS1=114.114.114.114...
执行sysctl -p，检查下面三项内容是否都为0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
- 重新启动网络
service network restart，检查Bridge是否设置成功
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:69:07:FE inet addr:192.168.1.80 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe69:7fe/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:788 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:369 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:78433 (76.5 KiB) TX bytes:58258 (56.8 KiB)eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:69:07:FE inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe69:7fe/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:37360 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8899 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:38608283 (36.8 MiB) TX bytes:796592 (777.9 KiB)
安装虚拟机
- 创建镜像存放目录
# mkdir -p /opt/kvmimg# mkdir -p /iso# chmod 777 /iso
- 虚拟机安装命令
Linux:
# virt-install --name www /--boot menu=on /--ram 2048 --vcpus=2 /--os-variant=rhel6 /--accelerate /--cdrom=/iso/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /--disk path=/opt/kvmimg/vm01.img,size=5,bus=virtio /--bridge=br0,model=virtio /--autostart /--vnc --vncport=5900 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0
Windows:
# virt-install --name windows-2008 /--boot menu=on /--ram 2048 --vcpus=2 /--os-variant=win7 /--accelerate /--cdrom=/iso/cn_windows_server_2008_r2_standard_enterprise_datacenter_and_web_with_sp1_x64_dvd_617598.iso /--disk path=/opt/kvmimg/2008server.img,size=50,bus=ide /--bridge=br0,model=virtio /--autostart --vnc --vncport=5900 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0
- 常用virsh命令
1）virsh list 列出当前虚拟机列表，不包括未启动的2）virsh list --all 列出所有虚拟机，包括所有已经定义的虚拟机3）virsh destroy vm-name 关闭虚拟机4）virsh start vm-name 启动虚拟机5）virsh edit vm-name 编辑虚拟机xml文件6）virsh undefine vm-name 删除虚拟机7）virsh shutdown vm-name 停止虚拟机8）virsh reboot vm-name 重启虚拟机9）virsh autostart vm-name 虚拟机随宿主机启动